Lub lim tiam no, Lub Koom Haum Khoom Noj thiab Ua Liaj Ua Teb ntawm UN (FAO), koom tes nrog WHO, tau tshaj tawm nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm thoob ntiaj teb thawj zaug txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm lub hom phiaj yog los muab lub hauv paus kev tshawb fawb ruaj khov los pib tsim cov qauv kev cai lij choj thiab cov txheej txheem zoo los xyuas kom meej tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm lwm cov protein.
Corinna Hawkes, tus thawj coj ntawm FAO lub chaw ua zaub mov thiab kev nyab xeeb zaub mov, tau hais tias: "FAO, ua ke nrog WHO, txhawb nqa nws cov tswv cuab los ntawm kev muab cov lus qhia txog kev tshawb fawb uas tuaj yeem pab tau rau cov tub ceev xwm saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb zaub mov siv ua lub hauv paus los tswj ntau yam teeb meem kev nyab xeeb zaub mov."
Hauv ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm, FAO tau hais tias: "Cov khoom noj uas muaj cell-based tsis yog cov khoom noj yav tom ntej. Ntau tshaj 100 lub tuam txhab / cov lag luam pib tshiab twb tau tsim cov khoom noj uas muaj cell-based uas npaj txhij rau kev lag luam thiab tos kev pom zoo."
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm hais tias cov kev hloov pauv tshiab ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus no yog teb rau "cov teeb meem loj heev ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus" uas cuam tshuam txog cov pej xeem thoob ntiaj teb uas yuav nce mus txog 9.8 billion hauv xyoo 2050.
Vim tias qee cov khoom noj uas siv cell twb nyob rau hauv ntau theem ntawm kev tsim kho, daim ntawv tshaj tawm hais tias nws yog "qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig uas lawv yuav coj los, nrog rau txhua qhov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog lawv - suav nrog kev nyab xeeb zaub mov thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov zoo".
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm, hu ua Cov Khoom Noj Khoom Haus Kev Nyab Xeeb ntawm Cov Khoom Noj Hauv Cell, suav nrog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov teeb meem lus tseem ceeb, cov ntsiab cai ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom noj hauv cell, thaj chaw thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov kev cai tswjfwm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv kawm los ntawm Ixayees, Qatar thiab Singapore "los qhia txog ntau yam, cov qauv thiab cov ntsiab lus nyob ib puag ncig lawv cov kev cai tswjfwm rau cov khoom noj hauv cell".
Cov ntawv tshaj tawm no muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib tham nrog cov kws tshaj lij uas FAO coj los uas tau muaj nyob rau hauv Singapore thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis xyoo tas los, qhov chaw uas tau ua kev txheeb xyuas txog kev phom sij ntawm kev nyab xeeb zaub mov - kev txheeb xyuas txog kev phom sij yog thawj kauj ruam ntawm cov txheej txheem ntsuam xyuas kev pheej hmoo.
Cov kev txheeb xyuas qhov txaus ntshai tau npog plaub theem ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom noj uas siv cell: kev nrhiav cell, kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim cell, kev sau cell, thiab kev ua zaub mov. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tias txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev phom sij uas twb paub zoo lawm thiab muaj nyob hauv cov khoom noj uas tsim tawm ib txwm muaj, qhov kev tsom mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, cov tswv yim, cov khoom xyaw - suav nrog cov khoom ua xua - thiab cov khoom siv uas tshwj xeeb dua rau kev tsim khoom noj uas siv cell.
Txawm hais tias FAO hais txog "cov khoom noj uas muaj cell-based," daim ntawv tshaj tawm lees paub tias 'cultivated' thiab 'cultured' kuj yog cov lus uas siv ntau hauv kev lag luam. FAO yaum kom cov koom haum tswj hwm hauv tebchaws tsim kom muaj cov lus meej thiab sib xws los txo qhov kev sib txuas lus tsis meej, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sau ntawv lo.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm qhia tias kev siv txoj hauv kev los ntsuam xyuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus uas siv cell yog qhov tsim nyog, txawm hais tias kev hais dav dav tuaj yeem ua tau txog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, txhua yam khoom tuaj yeem siv cov chaw sib txawv ntawm cell, scaffolds lossis microcarriers, cov khoom siv kab lis kev cai, cov xwm txheej cog qoob loo thiab cov qauv tsim reactor.
Nws kuj hais tias nyob rau hauv feem ntau lub teb chaws, cov khoom noj uas muaj cell tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam raws li cov qauv khoom noj tshiab uas twb muaj lawm, hais txog Singapore cov kev hloov kho rau nws cov cai khoom noj tshiab kom suav nrog cov khoom noj uas muaj cell thiab Tebchaws Meskas daim ntawv cog lus raug cai ntawm kev sau daim ntawv lo thiab cov kev cai nyab xeeb rau cov khoom noj ua los ntawm cov qe ntawm cov tsiaj txhu thiab cov nqaij qaib, ua piv txwv. Nws ntxiv tias USDA tau hais tias nws lub hom phiaj los kos cov cai ntawm kev sau daim ntawv lo ntawm cov nqaij thiab cov khoom noj qaib uas tau los ntawm cov qe tsiaj.
Raws li FAO, "tam sim no muaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsawg tsawg txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus uas muaj cell los pab cov neeg tswj hwm hauv kev txiav txim siab zoo."
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm sau tseg tias kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv thiab kev sib qhia thoob ntiaj teb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kom muaj huab cua ntawm kev qhib siab thiab kev ntseeg siab, kom muaj kev koom tes zoo ntawm txhua tus neeg koom nrog. Nws kuj hais tias kev sib koom tes thoob ntiaj teb yuav pab tau ntau lub koom haum muaj peev xwm saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb zaub mov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg nyob hauv cov teb chaws uas muaj nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab, los siv txoj hauv kev raws li pov thawj los npaj txhua yam kev cai lij choj tsim nyog.
Nws xaus lus tias ntxiv rau kev nyab xeeb zaub mov, lwm yam xws li cov lus siv, cov kev cai tswjfwm, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj haus, kev pom thiab kev lees txais ntawm cov neeg siv khoom (suav nrog saj thiab kev them taus) kuj tseem ceeb ib yam, thiab tej zaum tseem ceeb dua hauv kev qhia cov thev naus laus zis no rau hauv kev ua lag luam.
Rau qhov kev sab laj ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas tau muaj nyob hauv Singapore txij hnub tim 1 txog 4 Lub Kaum Ib Hlis xyoo tas los, FAO tau tshaj tawm qhov kev hu xov tooj thoob ntiaj teb rau cov kws tshaj lij txij hnub tim 1 Lub Plaub Hlis txog 15 Lub Rau Hli 2022, txhawm rau tsim ib pawg kws tshaj lij nrog ntau yam kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub dhau los.
Tag nrho muaj 138 tus kws tshaj lij tau thov thiab pawg neeg xaiv tsa ywj pheej tau tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas cov ntawv thov raws li cov qauv uas tau teeb tsa ua ntej - 33 tus neeg thov tau raug xaiv tsa. Ntawm lawv, 26 tus tau ua tiav thiab kos npe rau daim ntawv 'Kev Cog Lus Tsis Pub Lwm Tus Paub thiab Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Txaus Siab', thiab tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas txhua qhov kev txaus siab uas tau tshaj tawm, cov neeg sib tw uas tsis pom tias muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau raug teev npe ua cov kws tshaj lij, thaum cov neeg sib tw uas muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los txog qhov teeb meem thiab uas tuaj yeem pom tias muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau raug teev npe ua cov neeg muaj peev xwm.
Cov kws tshaj lij hauv pawg neeg ua haujlwm yog:
Anil Kumar Anal, xib fwb, Asian Institute of Technology, Thaib teb
William Chen, tus xibfwb qhia ntawv qib siab thiab tus thawj coj ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog zaub mov thiab thev naus laus zis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (tus lwm thawj coj)
lDeepak Choudhury, tus kws tshawb fawb laus ntawm kev siv tshuab biomanufacturing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Lub Chaw Haujlwm rau Kev Tshawb Fawb, Technology thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb, Singapore
lSghaier Chriki, associate professor, Institut Supérieur de l'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, kws tshawb fawb, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, France (ua hauj lwm pab pawg thawj coj)
lMarie-Pierre Ellies-Oury, tus pab xibfwb, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique thiab de L'Environnement thiab Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Fabkis
lJeremiah Fasano, tus kws pab tswv yim txoj cai laus, Tebchaws Meskas Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj, Tebchaws Meskas (tus thawj coj)
Mukunda Goswami, tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Is Nrias teb
William Hallman, xib fwb thiab tus thawj coj, Rutgers University, Tebchaws Meskas
lGeoffrey Muriira Karau, tus thawj coj ntawm kev lees paub zoo thiab kev tshuaj xyuas, Bureau of Standards, Kenya
lMartín Alfredo Lema, biotechnologist, National University of Quilmes, Argentina (tus lwm thawj coj)
lReza Ovissipour, tus pab xibfwb, Virginia Polytechnic Institute thiab State University, Tebchaws Meskas
Christopher Simuntala, tus thawj coj saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm tsiaj txhu, Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Hauv Tebchaws, Zambia
Yongning Wu, tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Khoom Noj Hauv Tebchaws, Suav teb
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-04-2024